ANNUAL EXAM. – 2024
XI Science Biology (56) Max. Marks: 70
Date: /03/2024 Time: 3 Hrs.
_______________________________________________________________________
General
Instructions:
1.
Question paper consists of 31
questions divided into FOUR sections,
namely A, B, C and D.
(1) Section A: Q. No. 1 contains 10 multiple choice
type questions carrying
one mark each.
Q.
No. 2 contains 8 very short answer type questions carrying
one mark each.
(2) Section B: Q No. 3 to Q. No. 14 are 12 short
answer –I type questions
carrying two marks each.
Attempt
any eight questions.
(3) Section C: Q. No. 15 to Q. No. 26 are 12
short answer – II type questions
carrying three marks each.
Attempt
any eight questions.
(4) Section D: Q. No. 27 to Q. No. 31 are 5 long
answer type
questions carrying four
marks each.
Attempt
any three questions.
2.
Figures to the right indicate full marks.
3.
Start each section on new page.
4.
Evaluation of each MCQ would be done for the first attempt only.
5. Draw neat, labelled diagrams wherever necessary.
SECTION –A
(i) Which is not a property of living
being?
a) Reproduction
b) Growth
c) Metabolism
d) Decay
[Ch. 1 –
1.1 Pg. 5 MCQ Q.1]
(ii) Anaerobic
bacteria helping in curdling of milk is ...................
a)
Azotobacter
b)
Streptomyces
c) Lactobacilli [Ch.
2 – 2.13 Pg. 11]
d)
Nostoc
(iii) Find the odd one out.
a) Thyroid gland
b) Pituitary gland
c) Adrenal gland
d) Salivary
gland [Ch.
10 – 10.2 Pg.126 Q.1 A]
(iv)
Enzyme pepsin secreted in ............... shows highest activity at an
optimum pH
...........
a) stomach;
2 [Ch. 6 –
6.2 Pg. 69]
b) buccal cavity; 2
c) duodenum; 2
d) duodenum; 9.5
(v) A
tissue made up of immature, young, living cells showing ability to
divide is called ...................
a)
Parenchyma tissue
b)
Collenchyma tissue
c) Meristematic tissue [Ch. 8 – 8.2 Pg. 85]
d)
Sclerenchyma tissue
(vi) In potato and brinjal, leaves are
arranged in ………………………… .
a) alternate phyllotaxy [Ch. 9 – 9.3 Pg. 113]
b) opposite decussate
phyllotaxy
c) whorled phyllotaxy
d) opposite superposed
phyllotaxy
(vii) A cell that lacks chloroplast does
not .....................
a) evolve carbon dioxide
b) liberate
oxygen [Ch.
12 – Pg. 149 Q. 1 A]
c) require water
d) utilize carbohydrates
(viii) Respiratory quotient for proteins
is ..........
a) 0.7
b) 0.9 [Ch. 13 – 13.4 Pg. 157]
c) 1
d) 1.7
(ix) Find the odd one out.
a)
Salivary amylase
b) Pepsinogen
c) Mucus
[Ch. 14 –
14.4 Pg. 166-167]
d) Pancreatic
amylase
to relax.
It remains in a state of contraction called ………………..
a) Summation
b) Tetanus [Ch. 16 – 16.7 Pg. 197]
c) Muscular dystrophy
d) Rigor mortis
Q. 2. Answer the following questions: (08)
(i)
Here collections of preserved plant and animal specimens are kept.
Identify the place.
Ans.: - Museum
[Ch. 1 – 1.4 Pg 3]
(ii) Why do Dicots show secondary
growth while Monocot’s don’t?
Ans.: - Cambium is responsible for causing secondary growth.
It is present in dicots and absent in monocots.
[Ch. 3 – 3.3 Pg. 25]
(iii) What surrounds
the stomatal pore?
Ans.: - Guard cells
[Ch. 8 – 8.4 Pg. 89/90]
(iv) Why species name americana
is given to cockroach?
Ans.: - Reason for species name americana
of cockroach is-
It’s origin is in Continent of America.
[Ch.
11 – 11.2 Pg. 127]
(v) What is the role of Rubisco in
photosynthesis?
Ans.: - RuBisco enzyme catalyzes the carboxylation reaction to produce
3 – Phosphoglyceric acid from Ribulose – 1,5 – bisphosphate during
Calvin cycle.
[Ch. 12 – 12.6 Pg. 143]
(vi) How much is the net gain of
ATP during formation of Acetyl-Co-A
from Pyruvate?
Ans.: - 6 ATP
[Ch. 13 –
13.3 Pg. 155]
(vii) Complete the analogy:
Kwashiorkor
= Oedema of lower legs and face.
Marasmus
= .....................
Ans.: - No oedema.
[Ch. 14 –
14.6 Pg. 170]
(viii) Sprain is more painful than
fracture. Why?
Ans.: - Sprain is a soft tissue injury
of the ligaments while fracture is an injury
to bone.
Ligaments are richly supplied with nerves, but bones are not.
Hence
sprains are more painful than fractures.
[Ch. 16 –
Pg. 213 Q. 2E]
SECTION – B
Attempt
Any Eight of the following questions: (16)
Q. 3. Does reproduction can be considered as all-inclusive property of life?
Explain with examples.
[Ch. 1 – 1.1 Pg. 1]
Ans.:
- No, because
there are some exceptions. [
½ mark]
Some living beings could not exhibit reproduction. [
½ mark]
They are sterile. [
½ mark]
e.g., Mules, sterile worker bees. [
½ mark]
Q.
4. Enlist the different criteria for
classification of secondary metabolites.
[Ch. 6 – 6.2 Pg. 73]
Ans.:
- Secondary metabolites can be classified based on following
criteria –
1.
Chemical structure (e.g., SMs containing rings, sugar), [ ½ mark]
2.
Chemical composition (with or without nitrogen), [ ½ mark]
3.
Their solubility in various solvents, or [ ½ mark]
4.
The pathway by which they are synthesized (e.g., phenylpropanoid
produces tannins). [ ½ mark]
Q.
5. Match column ‘A’ with column ‘B’ and rewrite
your answer.
|
Column ‘A’ |
Column ‘B’ |
|
1.
M – phase |
a.
2-5 hours |
|
2.
G1 – phase |
b.
1-3 hours |
|
3.
S – phase |
c.
8 hours or more |
|
4.
G2 – phase |
d.
6-8 hours |
[Ch. 7 – 7.1 Pg. 76 Fig. 7.1]
Ans.:
- [ ½ mark for each correct
pair]
Column ‘A’ |
Column ‘B’ |
|
1.
M – phase |
b. 1-3 hours |
|
2.
G1 – phase |
c. 8 hours or more |
|
3.
S – phase |
d. 6-8 hours |
|
4.
G2 – phase |
a. 2-5 hours |
Q. 6. What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?
[Ch. 7 – 7.2]
Ans.:
- [Any four correct
differences - ½ mark each.]
Q.
7. a. Draw a labelled diagram of a tissue having
uneven thickening in their
cell walls.
b. Write at least one function of
it.
[Ch. 8 – 8.3 Pg. 87 Fig. 8.4]
Ans.:
a. Draw diagram of Collenchyma]
[Proportionate diagram - ½ mark; any two correct
labels – ½ mark each]
b. Functions of Collenchyma: -
(Anyone from following) [ ½ mark]
·
It gives mechanical strength to young stems and parts like petiole of
leaf.
·
It allows bending and pulling action in plant parts and prevents
tearing of leaf.
· Growth of organs and
elongation are other functions.
Give an example of each.
[Ch. 9 – 9.2 E Pg. 111]
Ans.:
- Syngenesious: [ ½ mark]
When anthers are united, and filaments are free it
is known as syngeny
or syngenesis condition.
e.g., Sunflower [ ½ mark]
Synandrous: [ ½ mark]
When stamens are fused by both filaments and anthers
in synandrous
condition.
e.g., Cucurbita [ ½ mark]
Q.
9. Define parthenocarpy. Give two examples of
such fruits.
[Ch. 9 – 9.2 F Pg. 111]
Ans.:
- Parthenocarpy: [ 1 mark]
The phenomenon of formation
of fruit without fertilization is
called parthenocarpy.
e.g.,
Banana, Grapes. [ ½ mark each]
Q.
10. Draw a labeled diagram of transverse section
of proventriculus of
cockroach.
[Ch. 11 – 11.5 Pg. 130 Fig. 11.7]
Ans.:
- Proventriculus (Gizzard) of Cockroach: -
[Proportionate diagram - ½ mark; any three correct
labels – ½ mark each]
Q. 11. a. Name the term used for leaf anatomy in C4 plants.
b. Which is the first stable product
of CO2 fixation in C4 plants?
[Ch. 12 – 12.7 Pg. 145]
Ans.:
- a. Kranz
anatomy. [1 mark]
b. Oxaloacetic acid – a four carbon
compound. [1 mark]
Q. 12. Draw a neat, labelled diagram showing histology of the gastrointestinal
tract.
[Ch. 14 – 14.2 Pg. 164 Fig. 14.3]
Ans.:
- Histology of Gastrointestinal Tract: -
Q. 13. Why is a kidney called retroperitoneal? How it is advantageous to be
retroperitoneal?
[Ch. 15 – 15.2 Pg. 178]
Ans.: -
· Kidneys are present behind
the peritoneum. [ ½ mark]
· Hence it is called
retroperitoneal. [ ½ mark]
Advantages of Being
Retroperitoneal: [ Two advantages – ½ mark each]
- Retroperitoneal
organs are positioned behind the peritoneum, which provides
a protective cushion against external forces.
- Retroperitoneal space is less dynamic than intraperitoneal
space, reducing the risk of organ displacement or torsion.
Q.
14. All locomotions are movements but all
movements are not locomotion.
Justify.
[Ch. 16 – 16.1 Pg 193]
Ans.:
- [Any four correct sentences
– ½ mark each]
·
Walking, running, swimming, etc., are kinds of locomotion where there is
a displacement of the body.
·
All these activities are movements because there is a change in state.
·
Reaching, bending, twisting, etc. are the movements, but there is no
displacement.
·
Hence, all locomotions are movements but all movements are not
locomotion.
SECTION – C
Attempt
Any Eight of the following questions: (24)
Q. 15. Explain types of algae considering the following points.
a. Cell wall.
b. Accessory photosynthetic
pigments.
[Ch. 3 – 3.2 Pg 20-21]
Ans.:
- Algae are classified as per its pigments like chlorophyll, xanthophylls
and phycobilin.
a. Chlorophyceae: - [ 1 mark]
1. Cell wall contains
cellulose.
2.
Chlorophyll a and b are the photosynthetic pigments.
b. Phaeophyceae: - [ 1 mark]
1. Cell wall has cellulose,
fucans and algin.
2.
Chlorophyll a, c and fucoxanthin are the photosynthetic
pigments.
c. Rhodophyceae: - [ 1 mark]
1. Cell wall is made up of
cellulose and pectin.
2. Cells contain
chlorophyll a, d and phycoerythrin.
Q.
16. Prepare a tree diagram to show classification
of following animals having
jaws.
Scoliodon, Labeo rohita, Rana, Naja naja,
Passer and
Rattus.
[Ch. 4 – 4.3 Pg. 37-40]
Ans.:
- All
animals mentioned in the question belongs to division
Gnathostomata of sub-phylum Vertebrata.
[Ch. 5 – 5.1 Pg. 45]
Ans.:
- Postulates of cell theory: - [6 postulates – ½ mark each]
1. All living organisms are made up of cells.
2. Living cells arise from pre-existing cells.
3. A cell is the structural and functional unit of
life.
4. Total activities of cells are responsible for the
activity of an organism.
5. Cells show transformation of energy.
6. Cells contain nucleic acids; DNA and RNA in the
nucleus and cytoplasm
Q.
18. Match column ‘A’ with column ‘B’ and rewrite
your answer.
|
Column ‘A’ |
Column ‘B’ |
|
1.
Squamous epithelium |
a.
Nose |
|
2.
Cuboidal epithelium |
b.
Trachea |
|
3.
Columnar epithelium |
c.
Blood vessels |
|
4.
Ciliated epithelium |
d.
Ovary |
|
5.
Sensory epithelium |
e.
Gastric glands |
|
6.
Germinal epithelium |
f.
Salivary duct |
Ans.:
- [ ½ mark for each correct
pair]
|
Column ‘A’ |
Column ‘B’ |
|
1.
Squamous epithelium |
c. Blood vessels |
|
2.
Cuboidal epithelium |
f. Salivary duct |
|
3.
Columnar epithelium |
e. Gastric glands |
|
4.
Ciliated epithelium |
b. Trachea |
|
5.
Sensory epithelium |
a. Nose |
|
6.
Germinal epithelium |
d. Ovary |
Q. 19. Explain the properties of catalytic proteins.
[Ch. 6 – 6.2 Pg. 68-69]
Ans.:
- Properties of Catalytic proteins (Enzymes): -
[ Any three properties of enzymes – 1 mark
each]
Proteinaceous Nature:
·
All enzymes are basically made up of protein.
Three-Dimensional conformation:
·
All enzymes have specific 3-dimensional conformation.
·
They have one or more active sites to which substrate (reactant)
combines.
·
The points of active site where the substrate joins with the enzyme is
called substrate binding site.
Catalytic Property:
·
Enzymes are like inorganic catalysts and influence the speed of
biochemical reactions but themselves remain
unchanged.
·
After completion of the reaction and release of the product they remain
active to catalyse again.
·
A small quantity of enzymes can catalyse the transformation of a very
large quantity of the substrate into an end product.
·
For example, sucrase can hydrolyse 100000 times of sucrose as
compared with its own weight.
Specificity of action:
·
The ability of an enzyme to catalyse one specific reaction and
essentially no other is perhaps its most significant property.
·
Each enzyme acts upon a specific substrate or a specific group of
substrates.
Reversibility of action:
· Enzymes are very sensitive
to temperature and pH.
· Each enzyme exhibits its
highest activity at a specific pH, called optimum pH.
· Any increase or decrease in
pH causes decline in enzyme activity e.g.
enzyme pepsin (secreted in stomach) shows highest
activity at an
optimum pH of 2 (acidic).
· Trypsin (in duodenum) is
most active at an optimum pH of 9.5 (alkaline).
· Both these enzymes viz.
pepsin and trypsin are protein digesting
enzymes.
Temperature:
· Enzymes are destroyed at
higher temperature of 60-70°C or below, they are not destroyed but become
inactive.
· This inactive state is temporary,
and the enzyme can become active at suitable temperature.
·
Most of the enzymes work at an optimum temperature between 20°C and 35oC.
[Ch. 7 – 7.2 Pg. 77]
a. Identify the type of cell division.
b. Identify the phases.
c. Label ‘A’ and ‘B’.
Ans.:
-
a.
Type of cell division: - Mitosis [1 mark]
b.
Phases: - Metaphase and Anaphase [ ½ + ½ = 1 mark]
c.
A – Chromosome
[ ½ mark]
B – Chromatids moving to opposite poles [ 1 mark]
Q. 21. Amit observed a permanent slide of dicot root in laboratory and try to
understand the anatomy. His teacher
asks few questions to him. Can you
predict the answers of Amit for them?
a.
What is the innermost layer of the cortex called?
b.
What are Casparian strips?
c.
What are passage cells?
[Ch. 8 – 8.8 Pg. 92]
Ans.:
-
a.
Endodermis [ 1 mark]
b.
Casparian strips are the layer of a waxy substance suberin present on
the radial walls of endodermal cells. [ 1 mark]
c.
Unthickened endodermal cells present near the protoplasm are passage
cells. [1 mark]
Q.
22. Identify the types and give one example of
each.
[Write scientific
name of plant]
a. A root swollen in the middle and
tapering towards both ends.
b. A root broad at its morphological
base and narrow down towards the
apex.
c. A base of root is highly swollen, almost
spherical in shape and
abruptly
narrows down towards its apex.
[Ch. 9 – 9.2 A Pg. 99]
Ans.:
-
a. Fusiform root – e.g., Raphanus
sativus [1 mark]
b. Conical root – e.g., Daucus
carota [1 mark]
c. Napiform root – e.g., Beta
vulgaris [1 mark]
Q.
23. Match column ‘A’ with column ‘B’ and rewrite
your answer.
Column ‘A’ | Column ‘B’ |
1.
Oxaloacetate ------> Citrate | a.
Aconitase |
2.
Citrate ------>cis-Aconitate | b.
Fumarase |
3.
Isocitrate ------> Oxalosuccinate | c.
Succinate dehydrogenase |
4.
Succinyl-Co-A ------> Succinate | d.
Citrate synthetase |
5.
Succinate ------> Fumarate | e.
Succinyl-Co-A synthetase |
6.
Fumarate ------> Malate | f.
Isocitrate dehydrogenase |
Ans.:
-
[ ½ mark for each correct pair]
|
Column ‘A’ |
Column ‘B’ |
|
1.
Oxaloacetate ------> Citrate |
d. Citrate synthetase |
|
2.
Citrate ------>cis-Aconitate |
a. Aconitase |
|
3.
Isocitrate ------> Oxalosuccinate |
f. Isocitrate dehydrogenase |
|
4.
Succinyl-Co-A ------> Succinate |
e. Succinyl-Co-A synthetase |
|
5.
Succinate ------> Fumarate |
c. Succinate dehydrogenase |
|
6.
Fumarate ------> Malate |
b. Fumarase |
Q. 24. a. What do you understand by phosphorylation?
b. Explain the types of
phosphorylation occurring during respiration in
plants.
[Ch. 13 – 13.1 Pg. 151]
Ans.:
-
a.
Phosphorylation: - [1 mark]
Formation of ATP by adding one inorganic phosphate
into ADP is known as phosphorylation.
b. Types of Phosphorylation: - [Any two types – 1 mark
each]
·
In nature, phosphorylation occurs in three different ways as-
photophosphorylation, substrate-level phosphorylation, and oxidative
phosphorylation.
Photophosphorylation:
·
The formation of ATP in the chloroplasts in presence of light is called
photophosphorylation.
Substrate-level phosphorylation:
·
It is a direct phosphorylation of ADP by transfer of a phosphate group
from any suitable substrate.
· It occurs in the cytoplasm
of the cells and matrix of mitochondria.
Oxidative phosphorylation:
· It is phosphorylation of ADP
at the cost of energy released during oxidation of substrates like NADH+H+
and FADH2.
· This occurs on the inner
mitochondrial membrane only.
Q.
25. a. Explain different types of renal calculi.
b. Enlist symptoms of having renal calculi.
[Ch. 15 –
15.7 Pg. 187]
Ans.: -
a.
Renal Calculi: -
These are also called kidney
stones.
Depending on composition they are classified as:
Calcium stones: [ ½ mark]
Usually are calcium oxalate
stones or calcium phosphate ones.
Struvite
stones: [ ½
mark]
These are formed in response to bacterial infection caused
by urea splitting bacteria.
These grow quickly and become quite large.
Uric acid
stones: [ ½
mark]
In people who don't drink enough water or consume
high protein diet can suffer from this type of stones.
Cystine
stones: [ ½
mark]
It is a genetic disorder that causes the kidney to
excrete too much of certain amino acids.
b.
Symptoms: - [Any two symptoms - ½ mark each]
·
Intermittent pain below rib cage in back and sideways.
·
Hazy, brownish/reddish/ pinkish urine.
·
Frequent urge to pass urine. Pain during micturition.
Q. 26. Amphibian tadpole can
afford to be ammonotelic. Justify your answer.
[Ch. 15 – 15.1 Pg. 175]
Ans.: - [Any six correct sentences
– ½ mark each]
· Elimination of nitrogenous waste in the form of ammonia is called as ammonotelism.
· Ammonia is readily soluble in water and needs a large quantity of water to dilute and reduce the toxicity.
· Ammonotelism is an energy saving mechanism of excretion.
· Hence all animals that have plenty of water available for dilution of
ammonia excretes nitrogenous waste in the form of ammonia.
· Such animals are called ammonotelic.
· Amphibian tadpole is aquatic and can afford to be ammonotelic.
SECTION –D
Attempt Any Three of the following questions: (12)
Q. 27. a. What is inflorescence?
b. Differentiate racemose and cymose
inflorescence using given
criteria
i.
Growth of peduncle
ii.
Arrangement of flower on peduncle
iii.
Order of opening of flower
[Ch. 9 – 9.2 D Pg. 108]
Ans.:
-
a.
Inflorescence: - [ 1 mark]
A specialized axis or branch over which flowers are
produced or borne in definite manner is known
inflorescence.
b. [Each correct difference – 1 mark]
|
Characteristics |
Racemose |
Cymose |
|
i.
Growth of peduncle |
Infinite or unlimited |
Finite or limited |
|
ii.
Arrangement of flower on peduncle |
Acropetal i.e., mature flowers at the base |
Basipetal i.e., mature flowers at the apex |
|
iii.
Order of opening of flower |
Centripetal |
Centrifugal |
Q. 28. a. Why body cavity of cockroach is called as haemocoel?
b. How haemocoel is divided into
three sinuses?
c. Write about haemolymph of
cockroach.
[Ch. 11 – 11.6 Pg. 131]
Ans.:
-
a.
Body cavity (coelom) of cockroach is filled with haemolymph, hence
called haemocoel. [1 mark]
b.
Haemocoel is divided into three sinuses due to two diaphragms i.e.,
dorsal and ventral diaphragm. [1 mark]
c.
Haemolymph: [Any four correct sentences – ½ mark each]
· Haemolymph of cockroach is
without any pigment; hence it is
colourless.
· It consists of plasma and
seven types of blood cells / haemocytes.
· Plasma consists of water
with some dissolved organic and inorganic solutes.
· It is rich in nutrients and
nitrogenous wastes like uric acid.
Q.
29. a. Draw a graphic representation showing
photophosphorylation in
which PS
-II is not involved.
b. Distinguish between the two types
of photophosphorylation.
[Ch. 12 – 12.5 Pg 142, Fig. 12.7]
Ans.:
-
a.
Photophosphorylation in which PS – II not involved is Cyclic
photophosphorylation. [ 2 marks]
b. [Any four correct differences – ½ mark each]
Q. 30. a. What is the dental formula of an adult human?
b. Explain why human dentition is
considered as thecodont, diphyodont
and
heterodont?
[Ch.
14 – 14.1 Pg. 161-162]
Ans.: -
a.
Dental formula of an adult human is, [1
mark]
b. 32 teeth are present in the buccal cavity of an adult human being.
Human dentition is described as
thecodont, diphyodont and
heterodont.
Thecodont Dentition: - [
1 mark]
· It is
called thecodont type because each tooth is fixed in a
separate
socket present in jaw bones by gomphosis type of joint.
Diphyodont dentition: - [
1 mark]
· In our lifetime,
we get only two sets of teeth, milk teeth and
permanent
teeth.
· This is
called diphyodont dentition.
Heterodont dentition: - [
1 mark]
· We have
four different types of teeth hence we are heterodont.
· Types of
teeth are incisors (I) canines (C) premolars (PM) and molar (M).
·
Each half of each jaw has two incisors, one canine,
two premolars and three molars.
Q. 31. Justify the
structure of atlas and axis vertebrae with respect to their
position
and function.
[Ch. 16 –
16.9 Pg. 203]
Ans.: -
Atlas vertebra: [ 2 marks – any 4 correct sentences]
· This is a
ring like 1st cervical vertebra.
· The spinal
cord passes through the anterior compartment.
· Anterior zygapophyses
are replaced by facets for attachment with occipital condyle of skull that allows
‘Yes’ motion of the head.
· Hence the
joint is also called ‘Yes joint’.
Axis vertebra: [ 2 marks – any 4 correct sentences]
· This is the
second cervical vertebra.
· Centrum of
this vertebra gives out tooth-like ‘Odontoid Process’.
· This
process fits into the anterior portion of vertebral foramen of Atlas vertebra
forming pivot joint.
·
This allows ‘No’ motion of the head, hence also called
‘No joint’.
***
